Glossary of Deployment Terms
Deployment terms explained - Continuous Integration & Delivery (CI/CD), Docker, Shells, DevOps, Kubernetes, Microservices and much more.
A
AWS, short for Amazon Web Services, is a comprehensive cloud computing platform offered by Amazon.
It provides a wide array of cloud services that allow individuals, organizations, and businesses to build and manage their applications, services, and resources in the cloud.
Azure, also known as Microsoft Azure provides a wide range of cloud-based services that enable organizations to build, deploy, and manage applications and services through Microsoft's global network of data centers.
Azure offers various tools and services for computing, networking, storage, databases, analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT), and more.
`apt-get` is a command-line tool for package management on Debian-based Linux distributions, including **Ubuntu**. It is used to install, update, upgrade, and remove software packages.
The name "apt-get" stands for "Advanced Package Tool," and it is one of the most commonly used package management utilities on these systems.
B
Blue-Green Deployment
A deployment strategy where two environments (blue and green) are maintained, one serving as the current production environment while the other is used for testing and deployment.
Switching between them reduces downtime and risk.
Bash, short for "Bourne Again Shell," is a widely used Unix shell and command-line interface (CLI) for interacting with the operating system and executing commands.
It's the default shell for most Linux distributions and macOS systems.
C
Continuous Integration (CI)
The practice of frequently integrating code changes into a shared repository.
CI systems automatically build and test the code changes, providing early feedback to developers.
Continuous Delivery (CD)
An extension of continuous integration that automates the deployment process to ensure that changes can be deployed reliably to production at any time.
Continuous Deployment
An extension of continuous delivery where every change that passes automated tests is automatically deployed to production, without manual intervention.
Canary Deployment
A deployment strategy where a new version of an application is gradually rolled out to a subset of users to test its stability and performance before a wider release.
Container Orchestration
The management of containerized applications, including deployment, scaling, networking, and load balancing.
Kubernetes and Docker Swarm are popular container orchestration platforms.
Cluster
A cluster is a group of interconnected computers or servers that work together to provide a unified computing resource.
Csh (C Shell)
Known for its C-like syntax and interactive features. It's less commonly used in modern Linux systems.
CDN
Content delivery network service that improves the delivery of web and video content to users.
Cloudflare is a prominent cloud-based service provider that offers a wide range of services related to content delivery, internet security, and domain management.
Cloudflare is known for its global network infrastructure and its ability to enhance the performance, security, and reliability of websites and applications.
D
Deployment
The process of releasing and installing a new version of software or application to a production environment, making it available for users.
Docker
Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers,
enabling consistent and efficient software deployment across different environments.
DevOps
DevOps is a set of practices, principles, and cultural philosophies that aim to improve collaboration and communication between software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) teams.
The primary goal of DevOps is to streamline and accelerate the software development lifecycle while maintaining a focus on quality, reliability, and continuous improvement.
Dash Shell
A minimalistic shell optimized for speed and efficiency. It's often used as the system shell in some Linux distributions.
DigitalOcean
Cloud computing platform that offers a simplified and user-friendly approach to deploying and managing cloud-based infrastructure.
DigitalOcean focuses on providing a straightforward and accessible experience for creating and managing virtual machines, known as "Droplets," along with other cloud services.
DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) protection is a set of security measures and technologies designed to defend against DDoS attacks.
DDoS attacks are malicious attempts to overwhelm a target website, network, or online service by flooding it with a massive amount of traffic from multiple sources, causing it to become slow, unresponsive, or even unavailable.
DDoS protection is essential for online businesses and services to maintain availability and security. The specific DDoS protection strategy and tools employed can vary depending on the size of the organization, the criticality of the online services, and the budget available for security measures.
E
Environment Variables
Configurable values that are external to your application code and can be used to adjust behavior based on the environment the application is running in.
F
Failover
The automatic switching from a failed component or system to a standby or backup component to maintain service availability.
Fish (Friendly Interactive Shell)
Designed to be user-friendly with helpful features like syntax highlighting, autosuggestions, and an easily readable command prompt.
FTP stands for "File Transfer Protocol." It's a standard network protocol used for transferring files from one computer to another over a network, such as the internet.
FTP was developed in the early days of the internet to facilitate the exchange of files between different computers, and it remains in use today, although there are more secure alternatives available.
G
GCP
GCP, which stands for Google Cloud Platform, is a suite of cloud computing services offered by Google.
GCP is known for its powerful data analytics and machine learning capabilities, as well as its strong emphasis on performance and scalability.
GKE
A managed Kubernetes service for deploying, managing, and scaling containerized applications using Google's infrastructure.
H
High Availability (HA)
A design approach that aims to minimize downtime and ensure continuous availability of services, often achieved through redundancy and failover mechanisms.
Health Checks
Automated tests or probes that monitor the health and availability of applications, services, or infrastructure components.
Hostinger is a popular web hosting company known for providing affordable hosting services with a strong emphasis on user-friendliness.
HDD (Hard Disk Drive) storage refers to the use of traditional mechanical hard drives for data storage.
HDDs have been a standard storage technology for many years, and they are still widely used today for various purposes.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a fundamental protocol used for transferring data over the World Wide Web. It is an application layer protocol that defines how requests and responses should be formatted and transmitted between a web browser (client) and a web server.
`HTTPS` stands for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure." It is the secure and encrypted version of the standard HTTP protocol used for transmitting data between a web browser and a web server.
`HTTPS` ensures that the data exchanged between the user's browser and the website's server remains confidential, secure, and protected from eavesdropping and tampering by malicious actors.
I
Immutable Infrastructure
An approach where infrastructure (e.g., servers) is never modified after it's been provisioned. Instead, updates are made by deploying new instances and tearing down old ones.
Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
The practice of managing and provisioning infrastructure using code and automation tools, such as Terraform or CloudFormation.
K
Kubernetes
Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
Ksh (Korn Shell)
Provides a mix of features from both Bash and Csh (C Shell), with a focus on enhancing scripting capabilities.
L
Load Balancing
The distribution of incoming network traffic across multiple servers or instances to ensure efficient resource utilization, high availability, and better performance.
M
Microservices
An architectural style where an application is composed of loosely coupled, independently deployable services that communicate via APIs.
Monolith
An architectural pattern where an entire application is developed and deployed as a single unit. Contrast with microservices.
Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attack
A "Man-in-the-Middle" (MitM) attack is a type of cyberattack in which an attacker intercepts and potentially alters or eavesdrops on communication between two parties without their knowledge or consent.
The attacker secretly intercepts the communication traffic and may manipulate or capture the data being exchanged between the legitimate parties.
O
Orchestration
The process of automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containers or virtual machines in a clustered environment.
P
Podman
Podman is an open-source containerization tool that provides a Docker-compatible command-line interface for managing containers and pods without requiring a daemon.
R
Rolling Deployment
A deployment strategy where new versions of an application are gradually deployed to a subset of servers or instances, maintaining availability during the update process.
Railway is a platform that provides tools and services to streamline the deployment and hosting of web applications.
It's designed to simplify the development workflow and make it easier for developers to build and deploy web applications, particularly those built with frameworks like React, Next.js,
and other JavaScript-based technologies.
S
Service Discovery
The process of automatically detecting and registering services within a network, enabling other services to locate and interact with them.
SystemD
SystemD is responsible for managing system services and processes, and integrating container management tools with SystemD can provide several benefits in terms of service management and integration.
SystemD integration in the context of containerization refers to the ability of container management tools, like Docker or Podman, to interact with the SystemD init system that is commonly used in Linux-based operating systems.
SSD (Solid-State Drive) storage is a type of data storage technology that has become increasingly popular in recent years,
including its use in web hosting services like those offered by Hostinger.
SFTP stands for "SSH File Transfer Protocol" or "Secure File Transfer Protocol." It's a network protocol used for secure file transfer and management over a secure shell (SSH) connection.
SFTP is designed to provide encrypted, authenticated file transfers, making it a more secure alternative to traditional FTP (File Transfer Protocol), which transmits data in plain text.
T
Tcsh (Tenex C Shell)
An extended version of Csh with additional features and improvements, often used in some Unix systems.
V
VPS
VPS stands for "Virtual Private Server." It's a type of hosting service that provides a virtualized server environment within a larger physical server.
This virtualization technology allows a single physical server to be divided into multiple isolated virtual servers, each with its own dedicated resources, operating system, and configurations.
VPC
Isolated network environments within GCP that allow you to control communication between resources and configure network settings.
Y
yum (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) is a package manager used primarily in Red Hat-based Linux distributions such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS, and Fedora.
It helps users and system administrators to install, update, and manage software packages on their systems.
Z
Zero Downtime Deployment
A deployment approach that aims to update an application without causing any interruption or downtime for users.
Zsh (Z Shell)
An extended version of Bash with additional features like advanced tab completion, better scripting support, and customizable themes.
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